Projectile Motion Simulator
Launch a projectile and watch its path, range and max height change live.
Drag the glowing tip of the cannon to aim and set the power, then press Fire.
Range0 m
Max height0 m
Flight time0 s
Impact speed0 m/s
What you can learn
- Horizontal and vertical motion are independent: gravity only acts vertically.
- On level ground, a 45° launch angle gives the maximum range.
- Range = v² sin(2θ) / g, and maximum height = (v sin θ)² / 2g.
Frequently asked questions
What launch angle gives the longest range?
On level ground with no air resistance, 45 degrees gives the maximum range. If you launch from a height, the best angle is a little lower than 45 degrees.
Does this simulator include air resistance?
No. It models ideal projectile motion under constant gravity, which is what most introductory physics courses use.
Can I change gravity to the Moon or Mars?
Yes. Use the gravity slider or the presets to compare Earth, the Moon, Mars and Jupiter.